Known Issue
Symptom:

For devices that are configured with Dual Scan, after installing Windows 10, version 2004, Windows Update automatic updates background scan will silently fail to detect or install any updates. In Windows Update settings, “check for updates” will also fail with error 0x80240036.

Workaround:
As a workaround, Dual Scan can be disabled via Group Policy or CSP. This issue will be addressed with refreshed media in the near future.
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"For this multi-edition Consumer media, use a product key specific to the edition in the list you want to activate.

From the desktop, select the Start button > Settings > Update & Security > Activation. Select Change product key and enter your product key. If the key is valid, you'll be asked to confirm the edition change, and Windows then performs it for you.

This multi-edition Consumer media includes the following editions:
Windows 10 Home
Windows 10 Home N
Windows 10 Core Single Language
Windows 10 Pro
Windows 10 Pro N
*Windows 10 Pro for Workstations
*Windows 10 Pro N for Workstations
Windows 10 Pro Education
Windows 10 Pro Education N
Windows 10 Education
Windows 10 Education N

*Windows 10 Pro, version 1709 or newer, will need to be installed before using the Window 10 Pro for Workstations product key to activate that edition."